نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
عنوان مقاله English
نویسندگان English
The aim of this study was to efficacy of resilience training on symptoms reduction on depression, anxiety, aggression, and sleep disorder of adolescence with post-traumatic stress disorder in the 12-Day Iran-Israel war. This study is quasi-experimental research with pretest and posttest design and control groups. The statistical population in this study consisted of all students of the first high school in Shahr-e-Rey in the academic year 2024-2025 who had suffered from post-traumatic stress disorder in the 12-Day Iran-Israel war in July 2025. The sampling method was convenience sampling and the sample included 30 high school students in Shahr-e-Rey who had obtained a score of more than 50 in the PCL-5 diagnostic test and the samples were randomly divided into experimental and control groups (15 students in each group). Then, the experimental group was taught Kruger’s (2006) resilience and the control group waited. The tool used was PTSD checklist for DSM-5 (Weathers et al, 1991), Beck depression inventory (Beck et al, 1961), Beck anxiety inventory (Beck et al, 1988), aggression questionnaire (Williams et al, 1996) and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (Buysse et al, 1989). Data were analyzed by ANCOVA in SPSS, Version 26. The results showed that Resilience training had a significant effect on reducing the symptoms of depression, anxiety, aggression and sleep disturbance in students with post-traumatic stress disorder in the 12-Day Iran-Israel war (P<0.05). So that, compared to the control group, the experimental group had a 73% reduction in depressive symptoms, an 86% reduction in anxiety symptoms, an 89% reduction in aggression symptoms, and a 58% reduction in sleep disorders symptoms. Based on the results, counselors and psychologists are recommended to use resilience strengthening techniques to improve post-traumatic stress disorder.
کلیدواژهها English
EXTENDED ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
War is a word that unconsciously leads the human mind to insecurity, instability, and destruction, because war is not just a military battle, but a psychological disaster. In situations of war and severe crises, the nervous system of the body naturally deviates from the rational path on which human life normally works, and enters a state of alert. If this condition is prolonged and not controlled, it will lead to brain exhaustion and lead to mental disorders. The harms of war and its psychological consequences are more severe, stable, and complex among some groups, and children and adolescents are among the most sensitive and vulnerable segments of society, including the most vulnerable groups to the psychological and social pressures of war. What makes the vulnerability of this group more important than ever is that many of them do not find the opportunity to discuss their problems due to their inability to express their emotions and feelings, so without receiving proper treatment, they retain these disorders in themselves until adulthood and pass them on to the next generations. Therefore, timely addressing the problems caused by this group's war can prevent them from becoming chronic disorders and prevent long-term destructive effects. In this regard, one of the effective structures on managing and reducing psychological problems caused by war, which many studies have confirmed its role, is resilience, which means the ability to cope with hardships, recover after failures, and continue with more strength. This concept not only implies tolerance for adversity, but also the ability to grow and develop in the face of these challenges. Resilience allows people to adapt to the stress and traumas of war, and to maintain a sense of inner control in order to be able to face the challenges posed by war in a constructive way. Thus, resilience means the ability of an individual, group, or community to adapt and cope with the challenges, changes, and crises caused by war, the ability of a society to maintain cohesion, resist demoralization, and recover from the traumas of war. In line with the recent topics, considering the destructive effects of war, especially for adolescents and considering the importance of the resilience construct in improving the psychological consequences of war, it is necessary to create a culture and inform about the realities and psychological consequences of war and how to deal with them correctly. Accordingly, the present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of resilience training on reducing symptoms of depression, anxiety, aggression and sleep disturbances in adolescents with stress disorder after the 12-day Iran-Israel war. Therefore, the present study seeks to provide solutions based on improving and promoting the resilience of adolescents in order to reduce the psychological and social pressures of war and prevent its destructive consequences from being transmitted to the next generation. It is hoped that the present study can be a basis for conducting more research in this field.
METHODOLOGY
The present study was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population included all high school students in Shahr-e-Rey in the academic year 2024-2025 who suffered from stress disorder after the 12-day Iran-Israel war in July 2025. The statistical sample consisted of 30 high school students in Shahr-e-Rey (15 in the experimental group and 15 in the control group) who had scored more than 50 in the PCL-5 diagnostic test. Sampling was done by convenience method and the samples were randomly assigned to control and experimental groups. Then, the experimental group underwent Kruger's resilience training (2006) and the control group waited. The data collection tools included the PTSD checklist for DSM-5 (Weathers et al, 1991), the depression inventory (Beck et al, 1961), the anxiety inventory (Beck et al, 1988), the aggression questionnaire (Williams et al, 1996), and the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (Buysse et al, 1989). Data were analyzed by univariate analysis of covariance using SPSS26 software.
RESULTS
As mentioned earlier, the research sample consisted of 30 high school students in the second district of Shahr-e-Rey in the form of two groups of 15 control and experiment. The mean score of symptoms of depression, anxiety, aggression and sleep disorder of these students is presented in Figure (1).
The findings of univariate analysis of covariance showed that resilience training had a significant effect on reducing the symptoms of depression, anxiety, aggression and sleep disorder in students with stress disorder after the 12-day Iran-Israel war (P>0.05). Compared to the students in the experimental group, students in the experimental group had a 73% reduction in depression symptoms, 86% reduction in anxiety symptoms, 89% reduction in aggression symptoms, and 58% reduction in sleep disorder symptoms.
CONCLUSIONS
In a world where wars and crises constantly strain the human psyche and body, it is just as important to understand the psychological effects of these events as it is to pay attention to their physical consequences. Accordingly, the management of the real crisis in the post-war situation is not limited to controlling the environment, but is more dependent on restoring the lost control of the brain and restoring it to the path of equilibrium. In this regard, the results of the study indicated that resilience training led to a reduction in the symptoms of depression, anxiety, aggression and sleep disturbance in students with stress disorder after the 12-day Iran-Israel war. Considering that training to promote resilience through increasing coping skills, improving emotional regulation and strengthening the ability to manage anger and stress, positive thinking, creating a support network, maintaining daily routines such as adequate sleep, healthy eating and physical activity, and doing calming activities, can help improve the signs and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, counselors and psychologists should use resilience enhancement techniques It is recommended to improve post-war stress disorder.
Acknowledgments & Funding
We would like to express our gratitude to the adolescents who participated in the research and their families who cooperated with the researchers, and to the officials of the schools in the second district of Shahr-e-Rey who helped the researchers in advancing their scientific goals. The research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or notfor-profit sectors.
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.